In every country but the US, really. Someday, big tech companies will realise that a person in any other Western country can code just as well for half the price, but for now they won’t even consider it cause 'Murica.
They do. They’re looking mostly to Eastern Europe. India is the classic place to look, but the quality of the tech education there is mixed (at best). I’ve worked with a lot of competent people from Romania.
I take it all the important stuff stays in America, though. There’s a chance you couldn’t even tell I’m Canadian if you met me, but there’s still senior devs earning 60k up here.